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The Silent Valley National Park is situated in the Palghat or Palakkad district of the southern Indian state of Kerala. A part of the Western Ghat along the Arabian Sea, the park extends from latitude 11°04' in the North to longitude 76°79' in the East. The park is contiguous with Attappadi Reserve Forests in the east, and vested forests of the Palghat and Nilambur divisions in the west and south. In the North, the park is an extension of the Nilgiri Forests.

Silent Valley National Park, formerly known as Sairandhri Vanam lying at southwest corner of the Nilgiris, slopes towards the south and is practically having a rectangular shape winged by hills on all sides. Ecologists describe this area as the sole surviving bit of evergreen forests in the Western Ghats. It is 237.52 Sq km in extent. Absence of Cicadas which are usually abundant in tropical forests producing typical chirping sound through their tympanal vibrations, possibly contributed to the naming of the forest as Silent Valley. Major portion of the forest area is practically undisturbed.

The Silent Valley National Park is a heavy rainfall region with the places in the higher altitudes getting the highest rain. The average rainfall in the region varies between 2800 and 3400 mm. The park receives most of its rainfall during the southwest monsoon from June to December. The relative humidity is considerably high during this season with the maximum at times going to 95%. April and May are the hottest months while January and February are the coolest months, though not much difference in the temperature is experienced.